Grooming basics: coat, claws and teeth

Cats are expert self-groomers, but a little help from you keeps their coat in top condition, reduces hairballs and gives you a regular chance to check for lumps, parasites or sore spots. Keep sessions short and calm, and pair them with treats so your cat looks forward to them.

Brushing

Short-haired cats usually need a brush once a week, while long-haired breeds such as Persians need daily attention to prevent painful mats. A soft slicker brush and a wide-toothed metal comb cover most coats. Brush in the direction the hair grows, and never pull at a tangle. Severe mats are best left to a groomer or your vet.

Nail trims

Indoor cats often need their nails trimmed every two to three weeks. Gently press a paw to extend the claws and clip only the clear tip, staying well away from the pink quick, which contains nerves and blood vessels. If you are unsure, ask your vet to show you the first time.

Dental care

Dental disease is one of the most common health problems in adult cats. Brushing with a toothpaste made for cats is the gold standard, as human toothpaste is not safe for them to swallow. Build up slowly, starting by letting your cat lick the paste from your finger. Dental treats and yearly dental checks help too.

Ears and eyes

Healthy ears are pale pink and clean. Dark discharge, a strong smell or frequent head shaking can point to mites or an infection and need a vet visit. Wipe away any crust around the eyes with a soft, damp cloth, using a fresh piece for each eye.